Artificial Restraints In Lord Of The Flies :: essays research papers

"GOLDING PUTS SO MANY ARTIFICIAL RESTRAINTS ON HIS STORY IN ORDER TO EMPHASISE HIS POINT, THAT THE WHOLE THING COMES OUT TOO NEATLY AND, IN FACT, REDUCES THE POWER OF HIS MESSAGE."I think that, while the boys experience immense bad luck due to the author, the story still proves its point. It is still possible though, that the bad luck of the boys could have been experienced in real life. I think that without this bad luck, the point of the story wouldn't be as great, because without the restraint's Golding placed on the boys, life on the island would have been too easy for the boys.The major constraint that Golding puts on the boys is the personality clash between Jack and Ralph. From the beginning, when Ralph is elected leader, Jack hates Ralph, and towards the end of the book, the feeling becomes mutual. Without Jack and Ralph's problems, life would have been easy, and the 'darkness of man's heart' would not have been conveyed to the reader. Jack shows 'the darkness' and if he and Ralph had just been friends, there would never have been an opportunity for Jack to show this darkness which lurked beneath the surface. Golding also uses the dead pilot conveniently against the boys - the way in which he is caught in the trees just in the right position to be caught by the wind and look like the beast and the way the wind picks up after Simon has let him down from the trees and carries him out to sea, so that the other boys cannot see that it wasn't a beast. The author uses the boy's fear against them, and although this could possibly happen in the situation, Golding uses it as a weapon against them, their morale and their companionship. I think that the boys split up and go to Jack because of the fear - he can kill the beast, he can get them meat, and if they ever get upset, he can start a dance and all will be fine.

Foundations of Psychology Essay

Psychology is the process of understanding ones mental processes such as how and why one thinks, feels, and behaves the way they do. Psychology is the process by which the scientific method is used to better understand and test these processes (Allport, 1985). Psychology was established as a means to blends these two differing schools of thought into one. Psychology quickly separated into different schools of thought as a means to explain the human mind and its behaviors. In this paper we will discuss in more depth about a few of them such as structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism (Allport, 1985). Wilhelm Wundt is thought to be one of psychologies founding fathers. He was a pioneer using laboratory research as a way to back up his theories of the mind. One of Wundt’s students Edward Titchener used Wundt’s theory of introspection as his basis of his new school of thought called structuralism. Structuralism is the study of the contents of the mind (Britannica, 2001). Just like his predecessor Titchener believed that the scientific method was the only means to the science of the mind. Structuralism was only one of two schools that dominated psychology in its early years. The other was functionalism. Functionalism was the product of one Harvard graduate named William James. James believed structuralism was a great start, however felt the mind still needed further explaining and hence functionalism was born. Where structuralism focused its efforts on the mental processes themselves, functionalist conserved their efforts on the role those processes play. Functionalism is the study of how ones psychological processes helps one adapt to their environment (Britannica, 2001). Psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud. Freud believed that the unconscious mind influenced behavior. Freud believed that the human mind was comprised of three elements: the id, the ego, and the super eg o. â€Å"The id is composed of the primal urges, while  the ego is the component of personality charged with dealing with reality. The superego is the part of personality that holds all of the ideals and values we internalize from our parents and culture. Freud believed that the interaction of these three elements was what led to all of the complex human behaviors (Sheehy, & Forsythe, 2013).† Freud’s school of thought has not gone without controversy, however Freud’s school of thought has influenced other of psychology’s greats such as Anna Freud, Carl Jung, and Erik Erikson (Psychology, 2005). Behaviorism formed as a reaction to the theories of John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner. Behaviorism took off and became the dominant school of thought during the 1950’s. Behaviorists focused their efforts of observable behavior. Behaviorist believe that all behavior can be explained by ones environment rather than by ones internal forces (Lee, 2005). Classical conditioning was invented by Ivan Pavlov. He believed that classical conditioning was the learning process that occurs through associations between ones environmental stimulus and the naturally occurring stimulus. Operant conditioning was the thoughts of B. F. Skinner. Skinner believed that learning can occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Skinner believed that through o perant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior (Lee, 2005). Humanism is the product of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Humanism focused on an individual’s free will, self-actualization, and personal growth (Lee, 2005). â€Å"While early schools of thought were largely centered on abnormal human behavior, humanistic psychology differed considerably in its emphasis on helping people achieve and fulfill their potential (Lee, 2005).† â€Å"Humanistic psychology remains quite popular today and has had a major influence on other areas of psychology including positive psychology. This particular branch of psychology is centered on helping people living happier, more fulfilling lives (Jimerson, 2007).† Understanding a person requires special attention to not only ones biology, their psychological experience, and their social context. Psychology was established as a science in order to differentiate from biology and the philosophy of thought. In this paper we discussed in more depth about just a few of them such as structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism and how they differ from one another. Although they each may have a different outlook, they all have the same goal to better understand one’s  mind and one’s behavior. References Allport, G. W (1985). â€Å"The historical background of social psychology†. In Lindzey, G; Aronson, E. The Handbook of Social Psychology. New York: McGraw Hill. p.5 â€Å"Evolutionary Psychology: Theoretical Foundations.† Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. Hoboken: Wiley, 2005. Credo Reference. 2 Feb. 2010. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://www.credoreference.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/entry/wileycs/evolutionary_psychology_theoretical_foundations. â€Å"Functionalism.† Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2011. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/222123/functionalism Jimerson, S. R., Oakland, T. D., & Farrell, P. T. (Eds.). (2007). The handbook of international school psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/10.4135/9781412976138 Kratochwill, T. R. (2002). Evidence-based interventions in school psychology: Thoughts on thoughtful commentary. School Psychology Quarterly, 17(4), and 518. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://search.proquest.com/docview/195476875?accountid=458 Lee, S. W. (Ed.). (2005). Encyclopedia of school psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/10.4135/9781412952491 Oakland, T. D. (1986). Further thoughts on professionalism in school psychology. Professional School Psychology, 1(1), 47-49. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0090495 Peters, R. S., & Mace, C. A. (2006). Psychology. In D. M. Borchert (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2nd ed., Vol. 8, pp. 117-150). Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3446801676&v=2.1&u=uphoenix&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=b7b2ca334afa823cd8813b11a12599b6 Psychology. (2005). I nternational Journal of Obesity, 29, S161-S163. Retrieved 2014-10-26. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803091 Sheehy, Noel, &

Analysis Of The Poem Of A Daughter Leaving Home By...

In the poem â€Å"To a Daughter Leaving Home† by Linda Pastan is filed with metaphors and symbols that represent the feeling of a child growing up and moving out onto their own. There comes a time when every parent must send off their child into the world, and these parents feel a multitude of things when sending them off. It paints a picture of a father teaching his young daughter to ride a bike, but uses this image to represent a child growing up. The mixed feeling of pride and fear as the child grows up and moves out of the nest. The use of first person past tense shows us that the narrator is recalling the time they taught their child to ride a bike and are reliving that experience with the child moving out again. The fright of watching your child speed down the road towards life is portrayed from the start and continues throughout the poem. A good parent is always worried about their child’s wellbeing; they will always worry as they watch their children head straig ht to the destruction that comes with living life. Though the good parent will try their best to teach their child how to ride their bike into adulthood. This poem uses imagery, word choice, and metaphor to express the fears a parent has when sending their child out on their own into the world. There are many devices used in this poem to emphasize the emotions going through the mind of a parent when sending their child off into the world. Of such device used is imagery, the use of imagery is used abundantly in theShow MoreRelatedPoetry1969 Words   |  8 PagesLove Poem Analysis: Linda Pastan is an American poet of Jewish background. She was born in New York on May 27, 1932. Today, she lives in Potomac, Maryland with her husband Ira Pastan, an accomplished physician and researcher. She is known for writing short poems that address topics like family life, domesticity, motherhood, the female experience, aging, death, loss and the fear of loss, as well as the fragility of life and relationships. Love poem is a very simple poem yet it has a deepRead MoreSteel and Poem1966 Words   |  8 PagesAnalysis of Pat Mora s La Migra Pat Mora s La Migra is a poem presenting two speakers, one female and one male, who are playing the game La Migra which means border patrol agents. Mora creates a snapshot of the dangers of living near the Mexican border through the narrators game. The poem is written with childish language, but includes ambiguity of whether the players are children approaching a disturbingly mature theme or whether they re adults trying to minimize the stress of